Vaccine against Plasmodium vivax malaria (PvRexVac)
Exosomes are 30-100-nm membrane vesicles formed by endocytosis of segments of the plasma membrane. The internalized segment generates multivesicular bodies (MVBs) containing small vesicles that are released as Exovivaxexosomes following fusion of the MVBs with the plasma membrane. Exosomes were originally described in reticulocytes where they allow remodelling of the plasma membrane in the maturation to erythrocytes by eliminating specific proteins. Remarkably, reticulocytes are the cells preferentially, if not exclusively, invaded by Plasmodium vivax. We thus hypothesized that reticulocyte-derived exosomes (rex) in vivax infections, in addition to their role as cargo-disposable machinery, should contain parasite proteins and that these nanovesicles could be used as novel platform and vaccine against P. vivax.
Vaccine against Covid-19 (ExoCoVac)
We will isolate and characterize circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) from Covid-19 patients with different pathologies and after a series of assays, selected EVs will be used for immunizations of ACE-2 chimeric humanized mouse model. Early discover of viral peptides associated with exosomes and protection on these preclinical studies will pave the road for further development of this novel vaccine approach against this global pandemic.
Vaccine against PRRSV (PrrsvExoVac)
We have used serum-derived exosomes from PRRSV convalsecence animals to produce a vaccine formulation in combination with montanide. Targeted-pig trials have demonstrated that this vaccine formulation is safe, produces no adverse effects and elicits specific antibodies and CD8 T-cell responses.